εἰς τὸ ξηρόν

ἐκ-κλύζω, [tense] fut. - ύσω M.Ant.8.51:—

A wash out, wash away,

τὴν βαφήν Pl.R. 430a

;

τὸν ῥύπον Luc.Vit.Auct.3

:—in [voice] Pass., Hp.Loc. Hom.13 ;

ἐ. τὰ λύματα εἰς τὸν Τίβεριν Str.5.3.8

; restored in ib.1.7 ; to be washed ashore,

εἰς τὸ ξηρόν Arist.HA 525a23

.

2 wash thoroughly,

σῶμα Plu.Sull.36

:—[voice] Med., Diocl.Fr.141.

II intr., stream out, Apollod.1.6.3 (nisi leg. - έβλυσεν).

συστολ-ή, ἡ, ([etym.] συστέλλω)

A drawing together, drawing up, contraction, σ. εἰς αὑτάς (of souls in pain) Plu.2.564b; [

τὴν ψυχὴν] ποτὲ μὲν εἰς ἡδονὰς καὶ διαχύσεις ἄγεσθαι, ποτὲ δὲ εἰς οἴκτους καὶ συστολάς Ptol. Harm.3.7

; λύπη ἐστὶν ἄλογος ς. Stoic.3.95, cf. Thphr.Fr.77, Zeno Stoic.1.51, Epicur.Fr. 410; esp. in Medic., a contraction of the heart or lungs, opp. διαστολή, Herophil. ap. Placit.4.22.3;

σφυγμός ἐστι διαστολὴ καὶ σ. καρδίας καὶ ἀρτηριῶν Gal.8.700

; of other organs, [ τῆς μήτρας] Sor.1.70b;

συστολαί τινες ἀνειδεῖς εἰς ἄρθρα Alex.Trall. Verm.p.589

P., cf. Gal.18(2).128.

2 contraction, limitation,

συστολῆς μᾶλλον ἢ προσθέσεως τὰς τιμὰς δεῖσθαι Plu.Caes.60

, cf. 2.135a.

3 abasing, taking down, ib. 544e.

4 Gramm., change of a long vowel into a short, e.g. ξερόν for ξηρόν, A.D.Synt.281.7;

σ. Ἰωνικὴ ἢ ποιητική EM735.51

; also pronouncing as short a syllable that is strictly long, D.H.Comp.25, D.T.633.12, S.E.M.1.108.

5 lessening of expenses, retrenchment, Plb.27.13.4, Phld.Oec.p.71 J. (pl.).

6 spareness, tenuity,

τῶν ἀγαλμάτων Demetr.Eloc.14

.

7 pusillanimity, Poll.5.122.

8 fasting, Sor.1.49, 2.15, al.

9 in fevers, remission, Alex.Trall.Febr.4; but also a chill, the cold stage of ague, Gal.7.428.

ξύλον, ου, τό (Hom.+).

① wood as a plant substance in unmanufactured form, wood (the wood for the offering of Isaac linked typologically with the cross of Christ: Iren. 4, 5, 4 [Harv. II 157, 2]; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 70, 12) Dg 2:2; Ox 1 recto, 8 (ASyn. 171, 5; cp. GTh 77; s. λίθος 1). πᾶν ξ. θύϊνον every kind of citron wood Rv 18:12a. ξ. τιμιώτατον very precious wood vs. 12b. Pl. wood as building material (Diod S 5, 21, 5 κάλαμοι and ξύλα; PFlor 16, 23; Just., D. 86, 6 εἰς οἰκοδομήν; Tat. 37, 1) 1 Cor 3:12; for making cult images ξύλα κ. λίθους (Sextus 568; Tat.4, 2) together w. other materials 2 Cl 1:6; PtK 2 p. 14, 13 (Ath. 15, 1). As fuel (POxy 1144, 15 ξύλα εἰς θυσίαν; Gen 22:3, 6; Lev 1:7) MPol 13:1; Hs 4:4.

② object made of wood (of polytheists’ reverence for cult images: σέβονται λίθους καὶ ξύλα Theoph. Ant. 1, 10 [p. 80, 5])

ⓐ of a piece of wood designed for a specific purpose

α. a relatively long piece that can be set in the ground, pole (Diod S 5, 18, 4; Maximus Tyr. 2, 8b), as of the one on which Moses raised the brass serpent (Num 21:8f) B 12:7.

β. club, cudgel (Hdt. 2, 63; 4, 180; Polyb. 6, 37, 3; Herodian 7, 7, 4; PHal 1, 187; PTebt 304, 10; Jos., Bell. 2, 176, Vi. 233) pl. (w. μάχαιραι) Mt 26:47, 55; Mk 14:43, 48; Lk 22:52.

ⓑ a device for confining the extremeties of a prisoner, stocks (Hdt. 6, 75; 9, 37; Lysias 10, 16; Aristoph., Eq. 367; 394; 705; also Chariton 4, 2, 6; OGI 483, 181 [s. the note]; Job 33:11) τοὺς πόδας ἠσφαλίσατο αὐτῶν εἰς τὸ ξύλον he fastened their feet in the stocks Ac 16:24.

ⓒ a wooden structure used for crucifixion, cross (Alexis Com. [IV B.C.] 220, 10 ἀναπήγνυμι ἐπὶ τοῦ ξύλου; Philo, Somn. 2, 213; Just., A II, 3, 1 ξύλῳ ἐμπαγῆναι, D. 138, 2 διʼ ὕδατος καὶ πίστεως καὶ ξύλου; Iren. 1, 14, 6 [Harv. I 140, 10]; διὰ ξύλου θάνατος καὶ διὰ ξ. ζωή, θ. μὲν κατὰ τὸν Ἀδάμ, ζ. δὲ κατὰ τὸν χριστόν Orig., C. Cels. 6, 36, 28.—Outside the NT also ‘gallows’: the scholiast on Aristoph., Ran. 736 cites a proverb ἀπὸ καλοῦ ξύλου κἂν ἀπάγξασθαι=if you must hang yourself choose a decent tree; Esth 5:14; 6:4, reproduced Jos., Ant. 11, 246: a ξ. sixty cubits high is to be cut down. Most often OT refers to hanging or impalement of a criminal’s corpse on a post ἐπὶ (τοῦ) ξύλου Gen 40:19; Dt 21:22f; Josh 10:26).—ἡ βασιλεία Ἰησοῦ ἐπὶ ξύλῳ the reign of Jesus is based on the wood (of the cross) B 8:5, cp. vs. 1; 12:1 (fr. an apocr. prophetic writing, perh. 4 Esdr 5:5. S. UHolzmeister, Verb Dom 21, ’41, 69–73). κρεμάσαι ἐπὶ ξύλου hang on the cross Ac 5:30; 10:39. ὁ κρεμάμενος ἐπὶ ξύλου Gal 3:13 (Dt 21:23; cp, Mel., P. 70, 507; 104, 805 ἐπὶ ξύλου κρεμασθείς). καθελεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ ξ. take down fr. the cross (cp. Josh 10:27) Ac 13:29. πάσχειν ἐπὶ ξύλου B 5:13. τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἀναφέρειν ἐπὶ τὸ ξ. bear the sins on (or to) the cross, to destroy them on the cross 1 Pt 2:24=Pol 8:1.—WSvLeeuwen, NThSt 24, ’41, 68–81.

③ tree (this usage is perceptible in Eur., Hdt.; Ctesias [IV B.C.]: 688 Fgm. 45n p. 500 Jac., in Apollon. Paradox. 17 παρʼ Ἰνδοῖς ξύλον γίνεσθαι; Theophr., HP 5, 4, 7; Fgm. Iamb. Adesp. 17 Diehl; Plut., Lycurgus 47 [13, 7]; Harpocration s.v. ὀξυθυμία; PTebt 5, 205 [118 B.C.]; PFlor 152, 4; Gen 1:29; 2:9; 3:1ff; Is 14:8; Eccl 2:5; PsSol 11:5; GrBar 4:8, 16; ApcSed 8:3; Tat. 919, 3 ξύλῳ μαντικῷ) Dg 12:8. ὑγρόν, ξηρὸν ξ. a green, a dry tree Lk 23:31 (s. ξηρός 1 and cp. Polyaenus 3, 9, 7 ξύλα ξηρά [opp. χλωρά].—AHiggins, ET 57, ’45/46, 292–94). πάγκαρπον ξ. a tree bearing all kinds of fruit Dg 12:1. ξ. ἄκαρπον a tree without (edible) fruit (of the elm) Hs 2:3. ξύλῳ ἑαυτὸν συμβάλλειν compare oneself to a tree 1 Cl 23:4a; 2 Cl 11:3 (both script. quots. of unknown orig.). τὰ φύλλα τοῦ ξ. Rv 22:2b; καρπὸς τοῦ ξ. 1 Cl 23:4b. Of trees by watercourses B 11:6 (Ps 1:3). ξ. γνώσεως Dg 12:2a (cp. Gen 2:9, 17; ApcMos 7 al.; Did., Gen. 94, 16); ξ. (τῆς) ζωῆς (Gen 2:9; TestLevi 18:11; ApcEsdr 2:11 p. 26, 5 Tdf.; ApcSed 4:5; ApcMos 19, 22, 28; Did., Gen. 110, 26; τὰ δὲ δύο ξ. τὸ τῆς ζωῆς καὶ τὸ τῆς γνώσεως Theoph. Ant. 2, 24 [p. 156, 19]) Rv 2:7; 22:2a (RSchran, BZ 24, ’38/39, 191–98), 14, 19; Dg 12:2b (cp. vs. 3 and PsSol 14:3 ξύλα τῆς ζωῆς; s. ζωή 2bβ; LvSybel, Ξύλον ζωῆς: ZNW 19, 1920, 85–91; UHolmberg, D. Baum d. Lebens 1923; HBergema, De Boom des Levens in Scrift en Historie, diss. Hilversum ’38; CHemer, The Letters to the Seven Churches of Asia in Their Local Setting ’89 [’86] 41–47; RAC II 1–34; VIII 112–41).—B. 50; 1385. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

συστρέφω,

A twist up, roll up, of a whirlwind,

μή σ' ἀναρπάσῃ.. συστρέψας ἄφνω A.Fr. 195

, cf. Ar.Lys. 975, Th.61;

φρυγάνων πλῆθος Act.Ap.28.3

;

ἔριον περὶ μηλωτρίδα POxy. 234 ii 12

(ii/iii A.D.); of animals, gather themselves together, in preparing to spring,

σ. ἑαυτὸν ὥσπερ θηρίον Pl.R. 336b

; σ. τὸν αὐχένα, of one struggling to get loose, Eup.339; τὰ ὄμματα διὰ κενῆς, ὡς εἴ τι βλέπων, ξυνέστρεφε screwed up his eyes, Hp.Epid.7.83; συστρέψαι ἑαυτούς, of dolphins, Arist.HA 631a27; [

τὸ χόριον] σ. περὶ αὑτὸ τὴν ὑστέραν Sor.1.71

:— [voice] Pass., εἰ τὸ χόριον εἰς αὑτὸ συνεστραμμένον εἴη ib.73; συνεστραμμένη χείρ clenched fist, ib. 102; of a whirlwind, Men.536.4; of the moon, dub. sens. in Palchus in Cat.Cod.Astr.8(1).250.

II of soldiers, σ. ἑωυτούς form in a compact body, for attack or defence, collect themselves, rally, Hdt.9.18; σ. εἰς ταὐτό (sc. τὰς ἵππους) Arist.HA 572b14: freq. in [voice] Pass., συστραφέντες in a body, Hdt.4.136, 6.6, cf.40;

συστρεφόμενοι Id.9.62

, Th.7.30;

ξυνεστρέφοντο ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς Id.2.4

; ὅσον.. ἦν ξυνεστραμμένον ibid.;

ἐπὶ πεντήκοντα ἀσπίδων συνεστραμμένοι ἦσαν

they were formed in a mass

50

deep, X.HG6.4.12; so of bees, fishes, Arist. HA 629a19, 621a16.

2 of soldiers, also, συστρέφειν ἐπὶ δόρυ wheel them to the right, v.l. in X.Lac.13.6; so prob. σ. τὸν ἵππον turn him sharply, Plu.Pyrrh.16;

σ. τὴν ὄψιν Satyr.3

.

III form into an organized whole, unite,

τὸ Μηδικὸν ἔθνος Hdt.1.101

;

τοὺς τὰς οὐσίας ἔχοντας Arist.Pol. 1304b23

:—[voice] Pass., club together, conspire, Th.4.68, 8.54;

ἐπ' ἐμὲ συστραφέντες ἥκουσι Aeschin.2.178

, cf. LXX 4 Ki.10.9:—in [voice] Act., ib.3 Ki.16.9.

IV [voice] Pass., collect, gather,

σ. αἷμα ἐς.. Hp.Aph.5.40

;

νιφετοῦ συστραφέντος Arist.Mu. 394b2

; of humours, gather, come to a head,

φύματος συστραφέντος Hp.Prog.23

; of gravel collecting in the bladder, Id.Aër.9.

V make the hair curl, Theodect.17.3:—[voice] Pass., συνεστραμμένα ξύλα knotted, gnarled, Thphr.HP3.11.2;

σ. ῥίζα Id.CP1.3.3

;

κιττὸς συνεστραμμένος ταῖς ῥίζαις Id.HP3.18.9

.

VI condense, congeal, harden,

τὸ ψυχρὸν συστρέφον καὶ συσφίγγον Ath.2.41b

; of condensing fluids by heat,

ἐν ἡλίῳ Dsc.3.7

([voice] Act. and [voice] Pass.), cf. Gal.12.834, Aët.7.91; τὰ γυμνάσια τὰς σάρκας ς. Antyll. ap. Orib.6.10.15:—[voice] Pass., to be condensed, acquire substance or consistency, ἀφρὸς ς. Arist.HA 569b18; esp. in [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass., σπέρμα ξηρὸν καὶ συνεστραμμένον ib. 523a24; νέφος ἐστὶ πάχος ἀτμῶδες ς. Id.Mu. 394a27; πῦρ ς. concentrated, Epicur.Ep.1p.28U.; compact,

σ. τὸ εὐπαγές Phld.Po.Herc.994.34

; σωμάτιον ς. Arr.Epict. 1.24.8; συστρέφεσθαι καὶ ἀπεψῦχθαι, of an infant, Sor.1.108; γάλα μελιτοειδῶς συστραφέν ib.91.

VII of sentences, narratives, and the like , bring into a close form, compress,

ἐὰν μὴ συστρέφῃ τὰ πράγματα Cratin.85

; ἐνθυμήματα ς. Arist.Rh. 1419a19; σ. τὰ νοήματα, τὸν νοῦν ἐν ὀλίγοις ὀνόμασι, D.H.Isoc.11, Pomp.2.5: abs., συστρέψας γράφει writes briefly, curtly, Aeschin.3.100;

σ. εἰπεῖν τὸ πρᾶγμα D.H. Lys.24

:—freq. in [voice] Pass., ῥῆμα βραχὺ καὶ συνεστραμμένον a short and pithy saying, of the Spartans, Pl.Prt. 342e; λέξις συνεστραμμένη, opp. διῃρημένη, D.H.Rh.5.7;

ἡ Ἀττικὴ γλῶσσα σ. τι ἔχει Demetr. Eloc. 177

;

συνέστραπται τοῖς νοήμασι D.H.Lys.5

. cf. Dem.19.

b also, speak or write in an involved style, twist one's words, Antiph.52.17, 217.17.

συνδίδωμι,

A contribute,

τινί τι Plu.2.660c

;

ξηρὸν ἐς τὰ ἕλκεα Aret. CD1.8

.

2 grant,

τινὶ προθεσμίαν POxy.1130.22

(v A.D.):—[voice] Pass., to be allowed also, A.D.Adv.175.14.

II intr., cooperate, Hp.Art. 30.

2 abate, slacken, of symptoms, Id.Epid.3.1.ιβ, Aret.SD1.13; relax, opp. συντείνω, Hp.Off.23; of the eyes, sink in, Arist.Pr. 876a37.

3 extend, spread,

ξυνδιδοῖ τὸ κακὸν ἐς τὸ πᾶν Aret.SA1.6

.

4 τοῦ συνδοθέντος εἰς τὴν γαστέρα ὑγροῦ collected in the stomach, Herod.Med. ap. Aët.9.2.

ἡσῠχ-ῇ (with ι PHib.1.73.6 (iii B.C.), PCair.Zen. (v. infr.)), [dialect] Dor. [suff] ἡσῠχ-ᾶ, Adv.

A stilly, quietly, softly, gently, Pi.P.11.55, etc.;

ἡ. κατακεῖσθαι Ar.Pl. 692

;

μετέρχεσθαί τινα E.Hipp. 444

; ἔχ' ἡ. keep quiet! Pl.Hp.Ma. 298c; ἡ. ἔχειν τὴν οὐράν to keep it still, X. Cyn.3.4;

ἡ. γελάσαι Pl.Phd. 115c

; κοσμίως πάντα πράττειν καὶ ἡ. Id.Chrm. 159b, etc.; ἡ. ἀναμιμνήσκεσθαι to recollect quietly, at one's ease, Aeschin.2.35;

εὐσεβεῖν E.Fr. 286.9

.

2 by stealth, secretly, Plu.Alc.24, Th.8.69, Plot.2.9.18.

3 to some extent, Men.Her.20; slightly, φύλλον περικεχαραγμένον ἡ. Thphr.HP3.14.1;

βηχίον ἡ. ξηρόν Hp.Epid.4.27

;

ὀξύς Theoc. 14.10

(prob. l.);

ὑπόσιμος PCair.Zen.76.11

(iii B.C.);

μακροπρόσωπος PStrassb.87.11

(ii B.C.);

ἐνερευθές Dsc.3.131

;

τοῦ αὐχένος εἰς εὐώνυμον ἡ. κεκλιμένου Plu.Alex.4

;

γρυπός Ael.NA3.28

.